Kalash Peoples Anceint Culture under threat of extinction 2

The people here were came to india during the conquer of this place as the soldiers of  KING Alexander.

The land in the east of the Hindu-Kush range that lies between Pakistan and Afghanistan was called Kafiristan (the land of Kafirs), and there dwelled the Kafirs (the islamic word for "pagan") who rejected any conversion to Muslim and followed their own religion. Guarded by their geography and strength, it is assumed that 200 thousand Kafirs lived there. They drove away the armies of Timur (14C.), Akbar (16C.), Nadir-Shah (18C.), and were completely shut out from the exterior world.

But in 1895, Amir Abdul Rahman, the King of Afghanistan, conquered Kafiristan after a grueling battle and compelled them to convert to Islam. The name of Kafiristan was changed to Nuristan which means "the land of light". Thus, the main energy of the guerrillas that resist the Soviet army in Afghanistan today were Kafirs ninety years ago.

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KALASH-KAFIRS OF CHITRAL

The Kafirs of Afghanistan were converted to Islam, but those of Pakistan who belonged to British-India after the Durand Line (1893) still followed their own religion. These are the Kalash-Kafirs and estimably 1700 of them live in three valleys of Chitral District, North West Frontier Province of Pakistan

PIZZA

Instructions

Things You'll Need:

• Unbleached flour
• Active dry yeast
• Extra virgin Olive Oil
• Small can of your favorite crushed tomato
• Shredded mozzarella cheese
• Oregano and parmesan cheese
• granulated sugar

1. 
   
   Step 1
   Measure out 1 cup warm water (not hot). 1/2 tsp salt. 2 tablespoons olive oil 1 tsp sugar and heaping teaspoon full of dry yeast. Put in bowl and let yeast dissolve (couple of minutes)swish everything around until sugar salt and yeast are dissolved in water. Then add 2 cups flour and mix until dough comes together. If dough is soft (sticks to your hand) add additional flour until you get a nice stiff dough that doesn't stick to your hands. cover and place in draft free place for one hour or until dough has doubled.
2. 
   
   Step 2
   If you have a baking stone great, just preheat oven to 475 degrees with the stone in place and use a peel for your pizza. Just slide pizza from the peel onto the stone. If not use any pan about 14 inches long, or square. oil the bottom of pan and after removing dough from bowl shape it into the pan. spread it with your hands as close as possible to the shape of your pan. mince about a teaspoon of onion and sauté in olive oil. When onion is slightly brown add one minced clove of garlic and add this to crushed tomatoes. Pour about six ounces of tomato sauce (more if you like it saucy) and spread to within 1/2 inch of border. Sprinkle with parmesan cheese, torn fresh basil (as much or as little as you like) Then grind some fresh ground pepper on it and add mozzarella on top don't forget to sprinkle some oregano on top. Now you can add any topping you like (my favorite is minced garlic and fresh tomato) but the standard toppings such as pepperoni or sausage are delicious.
3. 
   
   Step 3
   Your oven should have been set at 475 degrees. Place your pizza in the oven and cook for 12 to fifteen minutes, or until the cheese is bubbly and the crust a golden brown. take out of the oven slice with pizza wheel cutter or a mezza luna and feast. P.S. If it's just you and your other half, open up a good burgundy wine and place some candles on the table.

HOT CHIPS........

Choosing the right potato is important. A floury variety with low 

moisture such as Sebago, King Edward,  Rosset Burbank, Maris 

Piper, Bintke or Sputna are ideal for chips.

Ingredients

:1.5 to 2 litres cooking oil (canola, sunflower, peanut oil)

• 1.25kg potatoes

Method:

• Peel the potatoes & cut into thick strips.
• Rinse thoroughly to remove excess starch.
• Pat dry with paper towels or a clean tea towel.
• Heat up the oil to 170C and cook the potatoes in small batches until they begin to colour. This should take around 4 or 5 minutes.
• Remove from the heat & increase the temperature to 190C.
• Re-cook the chip batches until they are browned.
• Drain on paper towels.
• Serve with sea salt, tomato sauce or mayonnaise.

Notes:

Do not over fill the deep fryer with oil to avoid a spill over of hot oil once you put the chips in.

Make sure you dry the chopped chips as much as possible to avoid excess moisture causing the oil to splatter.

Once the chips have been blanched, they can be stored several hours prior to their second frying.

Cooking oil shouldn't be re-used. Once it is heated it oxidizes & becomes a saturated fat, which is unhealthy.


 The only exception is olive oil, but the cost would be inhibitive to deep fry with.

Vegetable Manchurian

Vegetable Manchurian 


Preparation Time : 30 minutes
Cooking Time : 40 minutes.
Serves / Makes : 6 


Ingredients 
for the manchurians:
potatoes boiled pealed and mashed 500 g.
cabbage finely shredded 3/4 cup.
carrrots grated 1/2 cup.
maida 3 tbsp.
oil to deep fry.
salt and pepper to taste.


for the gravy:
3 large onions made into a paste in a mixer.
2 large tomatoes made into a paste in a mixer.
soya sauce 3 tbsp.
chilli sauce 3 tbsp.
vinegar 2 tbsp.
tomato ketchup 1/2 cup.
cabbage finely shredded 1/4 cup.
one medium sized onion cut into 4 and leaves separated.
4 - 5 green chillis cut lengthwise.
ajinomoto 2 tbsp.
salt and pepper to taste.
oil as required.
water 2-1/2 cups.




Method 
recipe:
manchurians:
1. mix all the ingredients to form a dough.
2. shape the dough into cutlets by hand.
3. heat oil in kadaai.
4. fry the cutlets and keep aside.


gravy:
1. heat oil in kadaai.
2. fry onion paste till golden brown.
3. add tomato paste.
4. fry till the paste starts leaving kadaai.
5. add 2-1/2 cup water.
6. add soya sauce, chilli sauce, vinegar, ajinomoto, ketchup, salt and pepper.
7. add shredded cabbage, separated leaves of onion, and chillis.
8. cook for 15 to 20 minutes.


add hot gravy to the cutlets just before serving.




Tips 
1. add gravy to the munchurians just before serving or else they will get mushy.
2. you may adjust the quantity of sauces according to taste.
3. manchurians may be served with either fried rice or as a plain snack with tea

ACNE

Acne It is an inflammatory skin disorder which is very common in teenagers. Outbreaks of pimples, blackheads, whiteheads and cyst occur on the face and sometimes on chest and back. Acne can be caused due to surge of hormones during puberty which stimulates oil-producing glands in the skin and makes them prone towards blockage and infection. Acne tends to clear up over time, but the pimples may leave scars. Factors such as stress, changes in weather, and using certain cosmetics trigger attacks of acne.

Home Remedies:

•Mix one teaspoon of chickpea flour with enough water to make paste, and use this mixture to wash your face.

•Mix almond powder with a little water, and apply the paste to your face. Let it dry and then rinse it off.

•Grind orange peel with some water to make paste and apply on affected areas.

•Mix one teaspoon lemon juice in one teaspoon finely-ground cinnamon (dalchini) powder and apply on affected areas frequently.

•Make a paste of half teaspoon each of sandalwood and turmeric powder in a little water and apply.

•Grind some black cumin seeds (shahi jeera) with some vinegar to make a smooth paste and apply on affected parts.

Do's

•Include plenty of healthy foods such as fruit and vegetables in your diet.

•Drink eight to ten glasses of pure water daily.

•Gently wash affected areas twice a day with lukewarm water and a nonoily, perfume-free, mild soap.

•Keep your hair off your face.

•Keep your colon clean.

•Do aerobic exercise.

•Manage stress, practice deep breathing and relaxation exercise.

Don’ts

•Don’t squeeze pimples.

•Try not to rub or touch your face absent-mindedly while you are absorbed in something such as watching TV or reading book.

•Avoid high-fat foods, coffee, and chocolate.

•Avoid oil-based cosmetics and creams and opt for noncomedogenic products.

•Avoid frequent looking in the mirror and feeling bad about the acne.

See Doctor

•Acne has no improvement and is spreading and is red and weepy after using self-help remedies for two month.

•Hair growing on face and having irregular menstrual periods

Microsoft's Vision of the Future

This is the future technology which is goin to make a new high tech_world.Microsoft’s mobile phone concept, meanwhile, boasts twin screens. The two displays can be separated/detached to offer the sort of multi-monitor setup that many PC users find more efficient. This future still features mobile video calling, even though we have the technology to do that now and nobody seems that bothered.

Invisible technology

There’s a nod to Microsoft’s Surface technology, showing how everyday work surfaces could evolve into computers in their own right. And electronic paper gets another outing in the form of a traditional broadsheet with touch-and-click headlines.

This touchy-feely futurama wouldn’t be complete without a glimpse at the home of the future. Here, the Microsoft smart home will have a connected monitoring system, house-wide Internet connectivity and effortless wireless networking.

“Over the last year we’ve worked closely with partners, customers and R&D groups across Microsoft,” says Ian Sands at Microsoft Office Labs.

“Imagine a future where creating a document with a colleague will be as easy as having a conversation. Making connections with people and your content will be secure and seamless. Relevant insight and information will be delivered proactively and in context to the task at hand.

Thanks to http://www.youtube.com/user/IGNentertainment